GPS BASED TRACKING SYSTEM (Technology)

GPS BASED TRACKING SYSTEM

In the 20 years, law enforcement statistics shows that the no. of missing persons has significantly increased and almost 80% of those were juveniles. So the need of  tracking system came into picture.  Tracking system is an electronic device installed in a baggage of ward to enable the person or a third party to track the ward's location.

 It is an embedded system which is used for tracking and positioning of the ward by using Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global system for mobile communication (GSM).This design continuously monitor the ward and report the status of persons on demand.

A tracking system, which has the capability to detect the location of the target by using GPS and GSM technologies. It has a plus point in overcoming the drawbacks of previous tracking technologies. The overall system can be divided into two main divisions i.e. hardware architecture and software architecture. The hardware part comprise of GPS and micro-controller wiring connection, whereas the software part gives us interface between user and whole system to track down our target.

This system is an electronic device installed in a baggage of ward to enable persons or a third party to track the ward's location. This design will continuously monitor the ward and report the status of on demand. For doing so a micro controller is interfaced serially to a GSM Modem and GPS Receiver. A GSM modem is used to send the position (Latitude and Longitude) of the ward from a remote place.

The GPS modem will continuously give the data i.e. the latitude and longitude indicating the position of person. The same data is sent to the mobile at the other end from where the position of the ward is demanded. When the request by user is sent to the number at the GSM modem, the system automatically sends a return reply to that mobile indicating the position of the concerned in terms of latitude and longitude in real time.

This whole procedure can be continuously observed when the parents require them. Each and every location of the ward can be constantly monitored and if some threat is accounted, necessary action can be possible taken immediately. By use of this technology, persons are aware of their ward location.

Figure 1.1 Survey of kidnapped juveniles

Crossbow Motes Technology

It is a small device which contains microprocessor or other controller and interface. This device is a rapid growing technology. The main drawback of this type of technology is that, it affected by finite coverage, trees and walls. It also has a high cost. Tracking the individual becomes a hectic job.

System

This device is a great help in locating the child is supermarkets, malls, and car parking, it acts an invisible link between parents and their child. This system alerts if the child has moved beyond the adjustable, predefined safety perimeter that the parent had set. It triggers an alarm to sound if the device is removed or accidentally falls off. It has a capability to work as pager though having a disadvantage of tracking multiple children.

Global Positioning System (GPS) Technology

The GPS is a satellite-based navigation system service made up of a network of 24 satellites placed into orbit by the U.S. Department of Defense. GPS provides coded satellite signals that can be processed in a GPS receiver, enabling the receiver to compute location, velocity and time. GPS satellites circle the earth twice a day in a very precise orbit and transmit signal information to earth. 

This information is sent on a continuous basis; GPS receivers take this information and use triangulation theory to calculate the user's exact location. Device that uses GPS is a lightweight device that attaches to the child and is designed to help parents or guardians keep track of their children and prevent any kind of tragedy. The device alleviates the stress and panic that appear when children get lost, or are difficult to reach.

 Development of System

The development of this system is comprised of hardware and software architecture. Hardware architecture is interface of various other devices that help in tracking the exact location, whereas, the software architecture helps in manipulating and providing information by using GPS and GSM systems.

Child safety can be resolved by such projects. In near future, many other applications can also come to picture. This lends a hand in the betterment of human life.